{"id":5,"date":"2022-06-03T12:45:05","date_gmt":"2022-06-03T16:45:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/home\/"},"modified":"2025-09-15T16:49:48","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T20:49:48","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/","title":{"rendered":"Welcome to the Gwalani Research Lab"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-fancy-paragraph-fifty is-text wp-block-ncst-fancy-paragraph\">\n      \n<div class=\"text-only wp-block-ncst-fp-accompaniment\">\n    \n\n<p>The Gwalani Research Lab, under the direction of Bharat Gwalani, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, investigates the synthesis, processing, and performance of metallic materials, with a focus on understanding and improving their behavior under extreme environments. We aim to uncover material vulnerabilities and tailor microstructures to enhance performance.<\/p>\n\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ncst-fp-accompaniment\">\n    \n<a \n      class=\"ncst-fact has-custombg-two-text-color wp-block-ncst-fp-icon\"\n      href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/about\/announcements\/5927\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n      <div class=\"ncst-fact has-custombg-two-text-color\">\n              <span class=\"ncst-icon\">\n                    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M14.9761 15.0239L13.3922 14.5922L11.9522 15.6L10.56 14.64L8.92784 15.0239L7.92003 13.5839L6.28784 23.2322L9.02394 21.2161L10.9439 24L11.9522 18.0961L13.0078 24L14.9278 21.12L17.6639 23.1361L15.9361 13.4878L14.9761 15.0239Z\" fill=\"currentColor\" \/><path d=\"M12 10.8961C13.9352 10.8961 15.5039 9.32734 15.5039 7.39219C15.5039 5.45703 13.9352 3.88828 12 3.88828C10.0648 3.88828 8.49609 5.45703 8.49609 7.39219C8.49609 9.32734 10.0648 10.8961 12 10.8961Z\" fill=\"currentColor\" \/><path d=\"M19.3923 7.39219L18.384 6.14391L18.8162 4.60781L17.3279 3.84L17.2342 2.16L15.6479 1.96875L14.8801 0.576094L13.2962 1.10391L12.047 0L10.7523 1.00781L9.21619 0.576094L8.44791 2.0625L6.76791 2.15625L6.57619 3.74016L5.184 4.50844L5.71229 6.09234L4.60791 7.34391L5.61619 8.59219L5.184 10.1278L6.67228 10.8961L6.76603 12.5761L8.35041 12.7678L9.11822 14.16L10.7021 13.6322L11.9532 14.7361L13.201 13.7278L14.7371 14.16L15.5049 12.6722L17.1849 12.5784L17.3771 10.9945L18.7688 10.2263L18.241 8.64234L19.3923 7.39219ZM12.0001 11.4703C11.1935 11.4703 10.4051 11.2311 9.73441 10.783C9.06377 10.3349 8.54106 9.698 8.2324 8.95282C7.92374 8.20764 7.84298 7.38766 8.00033 6.59658C8.15769 5.80551 8.54609 5.07885 9.11643 4.50852C9.68676 3.93818 10.4134 3.54978 11.2045 3.39242C11.9956 3.23507 12.8155 3.31583 13.5607 3.62449C14.3059 3.93315 14.9428 4.45586 15.3909 5.1265C15.839 5.79715 16.0782 6.58561 16.0782 7.39219C16.0785 7.92789 15.9732 8.4584 15.7683 8.95339C15.5635 9.44839 15.2631 9.89818 14.8844 10.2771C14.5057 10.656 14.0561 10.9565 13.5612 11.1616C13.0663 11.3666 12.5358 11.4722 12.0001 11.4722V11.4703Z\" fill=\"currentColor\" \/><\/svg>\n\n        <\/span>\n                              <h2 class=\"fact__heading\"><em>Materials <\/em>Young Investigator Awardee<\/h2>\n                            <p class=\"fact__support\">\n                      Granted by MDPI\n                  <\/p>\n                    <p class=\"fact__cta\">\n          <span class=\"text\">Learn more<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n        <\/p>\n          <\/div>\n      <\/a>\n  \n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n  \n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-labeled-section wp-block-ncst-featured-content ncst-featured-content is-card-style layout-three-column\">\n  <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__background\">\n    <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__container\">\n               <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__header\">\n                      <h2 class=\"ncst-labeled-section__heading\">key Research areas<\/h2>\n                            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__content\">\n        \n<div class=\"wp-block-ncst-featured-content\"><a\n    class=\"ncst-content-card wp-block-ncst-content-card with-image with-cta\"\n    href=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/research\/\"\n  >\n  \n          <div class=\"content-card__image-container\">\n        <div class=\"content-card__image-background\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1435\"\n            class=\"content-card__image wp-image-574\"\n            alt=\"Green recycle symbol painted on a metal plate affixed to machinery in a manufacturing plant, highlighting commitment to environmental sustainability and circular economy practices\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-scaled.jpeg\"\n            style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; \"\n srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-600x336.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-1200x673.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-768x430.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-1536x861.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metal-recycle-2048x1148.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"content-card__text-container\">\n      \n                        <h3 class=\"content-card__headline\">Sustainable Manufacturing<\/h3>\n              \n\n              \n\t      \t        <p class=\"content-card__teaser\">Greener, cleaner, smarter metal processing<\/p>\n\t      \t    \n              <p class=\"content-card__cta\"><span class=\"text\">Read more<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span><\/p>\n          <\/div>\n\n  <\/a>\n\n\n<a\n    class=\"ncst-content-card wp-block-ncst-content-card with-image with-cta\"\n    href=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/research\/\"\n  >\n  \n          <div class=\"content-card__image-container\">\n        <div class=\"content-card__image-background\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1435\"\n            class=\"content-card__image wp-image-575\"\n            alt=\"aluminum smelting molten metal foundry industrial scene\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-scaled.jpeg\"\n            style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; \"\n srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-600x336.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-1200x672.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-768x430.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-1536x861.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/metallurgical-2048x1148.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"content-card__text-container\">\n      \n                        <h3 class=\"content-card__headline\">Advanced Alloys for Extreme Environments<\/h3>\n              \n\n              \n\t      \t        <p class=\"content-card__teaser\">Materials built for the harshest conditions<\/p>\n\t      \t    \n              <p class=\"content-card__cta\"><span class=\"text\">Read more<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span><\/p>\n          <\/div>\n\n  <\/a>\n\n\n<a\n    class=\"ncst-content-card wp-block-ncst-content-card with-image with-cta\"\n    href=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/research\/\"\n  >\n  \n          <div class=\"content-card__image-container\">\n        <div class=\"content-card__image-background\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1280\"\n            class=\"content-card__image wp-image-576\"\n            alt=\"Material Science Graphene Atomic Structure\n\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-scaled.jpeg\"\n            style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; \"\n srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-600x300.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-1200x600.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-768x384.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-1536x768.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/lattice-metal-2048x1024.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"content-card__text-container\">\n      \n                        <h3 class=\"content-card__headline\">Multi-Scale Materials Characterization<\/h3>\n              \n\n              \n\t      \t        <p class=\"content-card__teaser\">Probing materials from atoms to applications<\/p>\n\t      \t    \n              <p class=\"content-card__cta\"><span class=\"text\">Read more<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span><\/p>\n          <\/div>\n\n  <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n              <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-askew-media-text has-custombg-four-background-color mirror-layout wp-block-ncst-mini-story\">\n    <div class=\"ncst-askew-media-text__container\">\n      \n<div class=\"wp-block-ncst-text-column\">\n    <h2 class=\"ncst-text-column__heading\">Bharat Gwalani, Principal Investigator<\/h2>\n    <p class=\"ncst-text-column__teaser\">Bharat Gwalani, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, earned his Ph.D. from the University of North Texas and his B.E. from the National Institute of Technology in Jaipur, India. He spent three years in the steel industry before pursuing his doctorate, then joined Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in 2019 as a senior materials scientist. Gwalani came to NC State in 2022, where his research explores how materials behave in extreme environments and how phase transformations can be controlled through deformation.<\/p>\n          \n<div class=\"is-text wp-block-ncst-buttons\">\n    \n<div class=\"is-style-secondary wp-block-ncst-button\">\n      <a\n        class=\"ncst-block__button-link btn\"\n        href=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/people\/bgwalan\/\"\n        data-ncst-lightbox=\"false\"\n                      >\n                  <span class=\"text\">Faculty Profile<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n              <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  \n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n      <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ncst-media\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Bharat-2024.jpg\" alt=\"Bharat Gwalani\" class=\"wp-image-597\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:contain\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Bharat-2024.jpg 500w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Bharat-2024-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Bharat-2024-45x45.jpg 45w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Research Focus: Advanced Metallic Materials<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Our areas of expertise include:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quantifying damage evolution using multi-scale microstructural and mechanical characterization<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modifying microstructures through deformation processing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In situ analysis of phase transformation pathways under extreme conditions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Advanced electron diffraction techniques<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Atom probe tomography<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High-energy X-ray characterization methods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-split-container wp-block-ncst-split-container\">\n    \n<div class=\"ncst-column wp-block-ncst-column\">\n    \n<div class=\"ncst-labeled-section wp-block-ncst-featured-callout ncst-featured-content\">\n  <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__background\">\n    <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__container\">\n             <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__content\">\n        \n<a\n    class=\"ncst-content-card wp-block-ncst-content-card with-image with-cta\"\n    href=\"https:\/\/engr.ncsu.edu\/news\/2024\/07\/01\/complex-alloys-reacting-with-oxygen-paves-way-for-better-alloys\"\n  >\n  \n          <div class=\"content-card__image-container\">\n        <div class=\"content-card__image-background\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\"\n            class=\"content-card__image wp-image-396\"\n            alt=\"Golden gate. Imaginary passageway to better world. Futuristic metallic circular tunnel illuminated by gold light source reflected in shiny walls.\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-scaled.jpeg\"\n            style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; \"\n srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-600x400.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2024\/06\/AdobeStock_259794401-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"content-card__text-container\">\n      \n                        <h3 class=\"content-card__headline\">Breakthrough in High-Entropy Alloys<\/h3>\n              \n\n              \n\t      \t        <p class=\"content-card__teaser\">The Gwalani Research Lab revealed how elements like chromium, manganese and nickel drive layered oxidation in extreme conditions, a <em>Nature Communications<\/em> 2024 study that paves the way for more resilient next-generation materials.<\/p>\n\t      \t    \n              <p class=\"content-card__cta\"><span class=\"text\">Read more<\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span><\/p>\n          <\/div>\n\n  <\/a>\n\n\n              <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-column has-custombg-ten-background-color wp-block-ncst-column\">\n    \n<div class=\"layout-one-column is-text wp-block-ncst-link-list\">\n          <h2 class=\"link-list-section__heading\">\n        selected publications\n      <\/h2>\n        <ul class=\"link-list__container\">\n      \n<li class=\"ncst-component__bold-link-container wp-block-ncst-bold-link\">\n      <a \n      href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-49243-8\"\n      class=\"ncst-component__bold-link text-link\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n    <span class=\"text\">Mechanistic Understanding of Speciated Oxide Growth in High Entropy Alloys \u2014<em> Nature (2024)<\/em><\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n    <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n  \n\n<li class=\"ncst-component__bold-link-container wp-block-ncst-bold-link\">\n      <a \n      href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/21663831.2022.2102947\"\n      class=\"ncst-component__bold-link text-link\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n    <span class=\"text\">Rapid Assessment of Interfacial Stabilization Mechanisms of Metastable Precipitates to Accelerate High-Temperature Al-Alloy Development \u2014 <em>MRL (2022)<\/em> <\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n    <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n  \n\n<li class=\"ncst-component__bold-link-container wp-block-ncst-bold-link\">\n      <a \n      href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1359645421006145\"\n      class=\"ncst-component__bold-link text-link\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n    <span class=\"text\">High Density of Strong Yet Deformable Intermetallic Nanorods Leads to Excellent Strength\u2013Ductility in a High-Entropy Alloy \u2014 <em>Acta Mater. (2021)<\/em><\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n    <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n  \n\n<li class=\"ncst-component__bold-link-container wp-block-ncst-bold-link\">\n      <a \n      href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352492819301047\"\n      class=\"ncst-component__bold-link text-link\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n    <span class=\"text\">Compositionally Graded High Entropy Alloy with a Strong Front and Ductile Back \u2014 <em>MTC (2019)<\/em><\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n    <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n  \n\n<li class=\"ncst-component__bold-link-container wp-block-ncst-bold-link\">\n      <a \n      href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1359645418303616\"\n      class=\"ncst-component__bold-link text-link\"\n       target=\"_blank\"        rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"     >\n    <span class=\"text\">Modifying Transformation Pathways in High-Entropy Alloys via Thermo-Mechanical Processing \u2014 <em>Acta Mater. (2018)<\/em><\/span><span class=\"arrow-indicator\"><svg class=\"wolficon wolficon-arrow-right-bold\" role=\"img\"  aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<use xlink:href=\"#wolficon-arrow-right-bold\">\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n    <\/a>\n      <\/li>\n  \n\n    <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"ncst-split-container wp-block-ncst-split-container\">\n    \n<div class=\"ncst-column has-custombg-ten-background-color wp-block-ncst-column\">\n    \n<div class=\"ncst-labeled-section wp-block-ncst-featured-callout ncst-featured-content\">\n  <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__background\">\n    <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__container\">\n             <div class=\"ncst-labeled-section__content\">\n        \n<a\n    class=\"ncst-content-card wp-block-ncst-content-card with-image with-cta\"\n    href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/journal\/materials\/awards\/1899\"\n  >\n  \n          <div class=\"content-card__image-container\">\n        <div class=\"content-card__image-background\">\n          <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1313\"\n            class=\"content-card__image wp-image-698\"\n            alt=\"Young Investigator Award\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Young-Investigator-Award.jpg\"\n            style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; \"\n srcset=\"https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Young-Investigator-Award.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Young-Investigator-Award-600x315.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Young-Investigator-Award-1200x630.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/mse.ncsu.edu\/gwalani\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/40\/2025\/09\/Young-Investigator-Award-768x403.jpg 768w, 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